Read more: Footprints Beneath the Tide
How a fearless squadron of female pilots turned plywood planes into weapons of war - and fear. These women flew under the radar - literally - to bomb the Nazis and change the face of combat
As the war raged on the Eastern Front, the Soviet Union was in dire need of pilots to combat the relentless advance of the German forces. In response, Marina Raskova, herself a pioneering aviator, proposed the formation of female combat air regiments. Thus, in October 1941, the 588th Night Bomber Regiment was born, later to be known as the "Night Witches" by their German adversaries.
What set these women apart was not just their gender but their method of operation. Flying Polikarpov Po-2 biplanes, these wooden-framed, canvas-covered flying machines were dubbed "crop dusters" by the Germans, hardly a match for the formidable Luftwaffe. However, it was precisely this underestimation that became their greatest advantage.
Operating under the cover of darkness, the Night Witches struck terror into the hearts of the enemy. Flying low and slow, their Po-2s emitted a distinctive whooshing sound, resembling a witch's broomstick, hence their ominous moniker. With no parachutes and minimal defensive armament, they navigated through the night skies, dropping their payloads of bombs on unsuspecting German encampments and supply lines.
King Haakon VII of Norway (1872–1957) was one of Norway’s most respected and beloved monarchs. Born as Prince Carl of Denmark, he was invited to become Norway’s king in 1905 after the country peacefully separated from Sweden. His strong leadership and resistance during World War II made him a symbol of national unity and defiance against Nazi occupation.
Throughout history, nations have either triumphed or been crushed in the face of authoritarianism, and so often it comes down to the strength of the people leading them.
But strength exercised through fear and strength exercised through patriotism and love are two very different things.
Hitler was strong. Pol Pot was strong. Idi Amin was strong. Fear can be a very effective tool of power.
But there is another kind of strength entirely ... the kind that asks ordinary people not to cower, but to stand.
And when it takes courage simply to defend your rights, your traditions, your history, or even your right to speak openly, chances are fear has already entered the room.
It is always our choice whether we stand or fall in the face of it.
Read more: An Old King, Young Heroes, and the Ageless Fight Against Tyranny
As a young girl, I was instilled with a deep understanding of the importance of caring for nature.
In school we were taught about animals that had helped humanity and how it was important to always be caring and considerate with other living creatures.
Two such creatures come to my mind when I think back to those days all those years ago in my small rural primary school. They were known as Pelorous Jack and Opo.
Today I want to share their remarkable stories. Among the creatures ( like Kiwis - as in the birds ) that have left a mark on the nation's cultural heritage, these two dolphins stand out: They captured the hearts of New Zealanders and visitors alike, becoming legendary figures in their own right.
Mother’s Day, as we know it in Australia, traces its roots to the heartbreak and hope of wartime America.
Born out of the compassion of two peace-minded women during the Civil War, the first “Mother’s Day Work Clubs” weren’t about flowers or cards. but about caring for the wounded, no matter their uniform.
Adopted in Australia in the early 20th century, the day gradually took hold, especially after World War I, when a Sydney woman began collecting gifts for mothers grieving lost sons and husbands. It’s no coincidence that Mother’s Day often falls near VE Day, the anniversary of victory in Europe during World War II. Behind the celebration lies a deeper truth: mothers have always stood quietly at the heart of history, bearing both the joy of life and the sorrow of sacrifice.
While Britain danced in the streets and Europe breathed a collective sigh of relief, Australians, New Zealanders, and Americans knew the fight was far from over. VE Day, 8 May 1945, was not the end - it was the beginning of a countdown to a different kind of victory, thousands of miles away in the jungles and islands of the Pacific. This is the story of two victories, two moments of hope - and the long shadow between them.
On the 8th of May 1945, Church bells rang, flags flew, and people danced in the streets. Nazi Germany had surrendered. Across Britain and Europe, a long, brutal chapter was closing. For millions, Victory in Europe Day - VE Day - meant the beginning of peace, the return of sons and daughters, and the hope of rebuilding a continent left in ruins.
But for the nations of the South Pacific, the war was not over. Australia, New Zealand, and the United States received the news with joy.... yes..... but also with clenched jaws and a sense of unfinished business. For us, the enemy that had bombed Darwin, attacked Pearl Harbour, and pushed deep into Southeast Asia was still fighting.
The war against Japan would rage on for three more bloody months. VE Day was a welcome, but wary victory.
We’ve come to rely on satellites for almost everything: directions, banking, weather, communications.
But all of it rests on a quiet assumption - that the Sun will behave itself.
History suggests that’s a risky bet.
Yesterday we unpacked the basics of satellites and space weather. Today, we go a step further: into one of the biggest vulnerabilities facing our modern world: what happens if the Sun doesn’t play along.
Because it hasn’t always.
Some readers might remember discussions about a “Grand Solar Minimum” - a quieter Sun over decades. But quiet doesn’t mean harmless. The Sun doesn’t switch off. It only changes its rhythm. And even during quieter periods, it can still produce sudden, powerful outbursts.
For a world that now depends on thousands of satellites moving in tight formation, it only takes one.
If all satellites suddenly stopped working, the consequences would be widespread and significant. Satellites play crucial roles in various aspects of modern life, including communication, navigation, weather forecasting, scientific research, and national security.
Satellite communication is integral to global telecommunications networks. If satellites ceased functioning, communication channels relying on them, such as satellite phones, television broadcasts, internet services, and GPS systems, would be severely disrupted or rendered inoperative.
In other words, we would be, as our contributor Paddy would say, " fooked. "
It was pointed out a few days ago, that GPS has become very important in today's world. How our food is delivered, our packages make it to our homes and how we even get to visit Grandma; No one owns a map anymore. It is all GPS.
So what would happen if satellites went down? It is interesting to drill down into history and see how it all started. And it all started with the Space Race...
I watched The Penguin Lessons the other night and, to be honest, I was just expecting a pleasant couple of hours.
Steve Coogan, a bit of dry humour, a slightly odd story about a man and a penguin drifting around 1970s Argentina. The sort of film you watch, enjoy, and move on from.
But it didn’t quite let me do that.
It sat there afterwards, like a tune you can’t shake.
The name he gives the Penguin itself was a quiet wink. “Juan Salvador” is the Spanish title for Richard Bach’s 1970s bestseller Jonathan Livingston Seagull - the story of a bird who refuses the flock’s mundane life and instead chases something higher: freedom, perfection, and the courage to be different.
By naming his oil-covered penguin after that idealistic seagull, Michell was gently saying this small, stubborn creature had the same spirit.
Read more: The Penguin Lessons: What Juan Salvador Still Has to Teach Us
In May 1942, as Japanese forces surged southward across the Pacific, Australia stood on the brink.
With the threat of invasion looming and the port of Moresby in enemy sights, the nation held its breath.
What followed in the waters of the Coral Sea was a battle unlike any before - fought not by dueling battleships, but by aircraft launched from distant carriers. In a high-stakes clash that changed the course of the Pacific War, Australian and American forces turned back the tide.
The Battle of the Coral Sea wasn’t just a military engagement; it was a moment when Australia’s fate hung in the balance, and the Allies stood firm.The Battle of the Coral Sea is regarded by some as the action that saved Australia in WW2.
Read more: When Australia Held it's Breath - The Battle of the Coral Sea
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